Quartz
Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica, therefore, classified structurally as a framework silicate mineral and compositionally as an oxide mineral. Quartz
is the second most abundant mineral in Earth’s continental crust, behind feldspar.
Colors
Common colored varieties include citrine, rose quartz, amethyst, smoky quartz, milky quartz, and others. These color differentiations arise from the presence of impurities which change the molecular orbitals, causing some electronic transitions to take place in the visible spectrum causing colors.
Sources
The first crystals were found in a pegmatite found near Rumford, Maine, US, and in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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